Hybrid Optimization Algorithm for Geographic Routing in Vanet

Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) developed rapidly in the last decade which is widely used to improve safety and traffic efficiency. VANET is an active research, standardization and development area due to its potential to improve vehicle and road safety, traffic efficiency, and convenience keeping in mind drivers and passengers comfort. Though VANETs geographic routing was recently emphasized, developing such networks multi-hop communication is challenging because of changing topology and network disconnections leading to Mobile Ad-hoc NETwork (MANET) routing protocols failures and inefficiency. This study proposes hybrid Particle swarm Optimization (PSO) with Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno to improve the efficiency of Geographical Routing Protocol (GRP). Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed modified GRP using Hybrid PSO with BFGS, effectively improves the packet delivery ratio, and reduces the end to end delay.