Kinesiographic study of complete denture movement related to mucosa displacement in edentulous patients Estudo cinesiográfico da movimentação da prótese total resultante da deformação da fibromucosa em desdentados totais

نویسندگان

  • Marco Antonio Compagnoni
  • Raphael Freitas de Souza
  • Cláudio Rodrigues Leles
چکیده

The mucosa that covers the residual ridges of edentulous patients may present some distortion or displacement when occlusal loading is applied in complete dentures. This distortion and movement of the denture can result in acceleration of residual ridge resorption and loss of retention and stability. The aim of this study was to analyze the pattern of upper complete denture movement related to underlying mucosa displacement. A sample of 10 complete denture wearers was randomly selected, which had acceptable upper and lower dentures and normal volume and resilience of residual ridges. The kinesiographic instrument K6-I Diagnostic System was used to measure denture movements, according to the method proposed by Maeda et al., 1984. Denture movements were measured under the following experimental conditions: (A) 3 maximum voluntary clenching cycles and (B) unilateral chewing for 20 seconds. The results showed that under physiological load, oral mucosa distortion has two distinct phases: a fast initial displacement as load is applied and a slower and incomplete recovery when load is removed. Intermittent loading such as chewing progressively reduces the magnitude of the denture displacement and the recovery of the mucosa is gradually more incomplete. DESCRIPTORS: Mouth mucosa; Denture, complete. RESUMO: Devido às características de compressibilidade da fibromucosa, a incidência de cargas sobre a prótese total resulta na movimentação da prótese em direção ao rebordo, a qual pode resultar no aumento da reabsorção do rebordo residual, na desadaptação interna e na perda de retenção da prótese. O objetivo do presente estudo é avaliar o padrão de movimentação da prótese total superior em função da deformação da fibromucosa. Foram selecionados 10 pacientes usuários de próteses totais bimaxilares, com retenção satisfatória e relações oclusais corretas e rebordos alveolares com volume e grau de resiliência normais. Para a análise da movimentação da prótese total superior foi utilizado o sistema eletrônico K6-I Diagnostic System, sendo o dispositivo eletromagnético fixado na região vestibular dos incisivos centrais da prótese superior, de acordo com uma adaptação do método sugerido por Maeda et al. (1984). Foram obtidos registros gráficos em duas condições experimentais: (A) 3 ciclos de apertamento máximo voluntário e (B) mastigação unilateral simulada por um período de 20 segundos. Os resultados mostraram um padrão uniforme de movimentação durante o apertamento máximo e a mastigação simulada. Sob a ação de cargas, a fibromucosa apresenta uma deformação rápida e uma recuperação mais lenta e incompleta, de forma que a ação repetida da aplicação de carga reduz gradualmente a quantidade de movimentação e retorno da prótese; na mastigação simulada não há a completa recuperação da fibromucosa durante os ciclos mastigatórios. DESCRITORES: Mucosa bucal; Prótese total.

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تاریخ انتشار 2004