Low sensitivity of anti-aquaporin-4 antibody in multiple sclerosis, longitudinally extensive spinal cord lesions and neuromyelitis optica in Australians
نویسندگان
چکیده
Background and Objective: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the most common neurological disease of young adults in Western countries. The spectrum of demyelinating disease in Western countries is characterised by predominance of conventional MS and small proportion of neuromyelitis optica (NMO). NMO is similar to optic-spinal MS reported in Asia in many aspects. It has been argued that relapsing NMO and optic-spinal MS is different from conventional MS with clinical and laboratory features such as female predominance, low frequencies of oligoclonal IgG bands, longitudinally extensive (>3 vertebral segments) spinal cord lesions (LESCLs), CSF pleocytosis, and poor clinical prognosis. Moreover, a recently identified serum autoantibody, so called NMO-IgG, has been proposed as a biomarker to distinguish NMO from conventional MS. The target antigen of NMO-IgG was identified as aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channel protein.1 An anti-AQP4 antibody assay using human AQP4-transfected cells appeared more sensitive than the original NMO-IgG assay.2 The presence of anti-AQP4 antibody seemed to be associated with LESCLs and exacerbation of disease.3 Our study aimed to investigate the prevalence of anti-AQP4 antibody in conventional MS, NMO and LESCL patients from a Western Australian MS cohort.
منابع مشابه
Contribution of spinal cord biopsy to diagnosis of aquaporin-4 antibody positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.
Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis is characteristic but not pathognomonic for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs) and may mimic local tumors. In this retrospective study based on a cohort of 175 NMOSD patients we identified seven patients who initially presented with a longitudinally extensive spinal cord lesion and underwent spinal cord biopsy due to magnetic resonance ...
متن کاملO 11: Diagnosis and Management of Neuromyelitis Optica
Typical NMO is characterized by simultaneous or sequential acute transverse myelitis and optic neuritis. Spinal cord lesions extending over 3 or more vertebral segments and normal brain imaging are the typical MRI findings in NMO. In typical cases with positive NMO antibody the diagnosis is easy but in seronegative and atypical cases with different clinical manifestations and MRI features the d...
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Background. In the past the occurrence of neuromyelitis optica in Malaysia was thought to be uncommon and the frequency of anti-aquaporin-4 Ig G antibody was unknown. Objective. To evaluate the frequency of anti-aquaporin-4 Ig G antibody (Anti-AQP4 antibody) amongst patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and its spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and the differences between the seropositive and seron...
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Two patients with longitudinally extensive myelopathy were initially biopsied for suspected spinal cord tumors. Both patients were later diagnosed with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) supported by their AQP4-seropositivity. Pathological review of both biopsies revealed demyelinated lesions with thickened vessel walls and tissue rarefaction. Immunohistochemical staining demonstra...
متن کاملAnti-aquaporin-4 antibody is involved in the pathogenesis of NMO: a study on antibody titre.
NMO-IgG is a disease-specific autoantibody for neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and its target antigen is aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channel. Recently, we established a sensitive anti-AQP4 antibody assay using human AQP4-transfected cells, which appeared more sensitive than the original NMO-IgG assay. So far, there has been no large-scale study on anti-AQP4 antibody titre in NMO and related disorders. ...
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