Urokinase-type plasminogen activator increases hepatocyte growth factor activity required for skeletal muscle regeneration.

Urokinase-type plasminogen activator increases hepatocyte growth factor activity required for skeletal muscle regeneration Running title: uPA, HGF and muscle regeneration

Macrophage-specific expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator promotes skeletal muscle regeneration.

Macrophages (Mp) and the plasminogen system play important roles in tissue repair following injury. We hypothesized that Mp-specific expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) is sufficient for Mp to migrate into damaged muscle and for efficient muscle regeneration. We generated transgenic mice expressing uPA only in Mp, and we assessed the ability of these mice to repair muscle i...

The role of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFbeta1) in muscle regeneration.

Skeletal muscle regeneration is a highly synchronized process involving the activation of various cellular and molecular events, coordinating inflammation and regeneration processes which are crucial for the beneficial outcome of tissue remodeling. Fibrosis, a failure of tissue remodeling, is initiated with muscle regeneration; however, it is the result of an excessive inflammatory response, re...

The urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor is not required for skeletal muscle inflammation or regeneration.

The hypothesis of this study was the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) is required for accumulation of inflammatory cells in injured skeletal muscle and for efficient muscle regeneration. Expression of uPAR was elevated at 1 and 3 days after cardiotoxin-induced muscle injury in wild-type mice before returning to baseline levels. Neutrophil accumulation peaked 1 day postinjury...

Urokinase-dependent plasminogen activation is required for efficient skeletal muscle regeneration in vivo.

Plasminogen activators urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) are extracellular proteases involved in various tissue remodeling processes. A requirement for uPA activity in skeletal myogenesis was recently demonstrated in vitro. The role of plasminogen activators in skeletal muscle regeneration in vivo in wild-type, uPA-deficient, and tPA-deficien...