Effects of Optical Feedback on Static and Dynamic Characteristics of Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers
نویسندگان
چکیده
We present a numerical study of the effects of optical feedback on the static and dynamic characteristics of verticalcavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSEL’s) under both single-mode and two-mode operations. Our model includes transverse effects such as carrier diffusion and spatial hole burning (SHB) and is therefore capable of including gain-saturation-induced coupling among transverse modes. For short external cavities ( 30 m), optical feedback can completely suppress higher order transverse modes. For relatively long external cavities ( 1 cm), VCSEL’s follow a period-doubling route to chaos. Numerical results show that multimode VCSEL’s exhibit self-pulsations at higher feedback levels compared with the single-mode case.
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