Incidence and Molecular Analysis of Vibrio cholerae among Some Primitive Tribes in Odisha, India

Epidemic and endemic cholera is a major public health problem and continues to be an important cause of morbidity and mortality in developing world. The causative agent V. cholerae O1 and since 1992 V. cholerae O139 is capable of pandemic spread (Levine et al., 1993). Seven distinct pandemics of cholera have been recorded since 1817 (Kaper et al., 1995).The eighth pandemic was suspected when a new serotype O139 was emerged as an epidemic strain and spread from Chenai to other parts of the country and Bangladesh (Kaper et al., 1995; Ramamurthy et al., 1993). The causative agent of the sixth and perhaps the fifth pandemic belonged to the classical biotype of V. cholera (Kaper et al., 1995). The seventh pandemic was caused by V. cholera O1 El Tor biotype. After its emergence in the Island of Sulawesi of Indonesia, it spread to Indian subcontinent and reached other countries including Latin America through different routes. Cholera due International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 1 (2017) pp. 51-61 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com