Determining the Optimum Road Density for Ground Skidding System in Dalak Kheyl Forest-Hyrcanian Zone
نویسندگان
چکیده
Determining the efficient density for forest roads is essential to decrease the costs of skidding and road constructing in forestry plans. In order to estimate the optimal density for road network in Dalak kheyl forest district (Mazandaran Wood and Paper Industries), we calculated the roading costs and hourly costs of Timber jack 450C and HSM 904 skidders. The length of skid trails was measured by a steel meter. Also, time study was performed by using chronometer for skidding machines. Then the optimum density for Dalak kheyl forest roads was estimated by minimizing sum of skidding and roading costs. The results of this study showed that the optimum density of forest roads for Timber jack 450C and HSM 904 were 2-4 m ha and 3-5 m ha, respectively. Furthermore, the optimum road density for both machines was 3-5 m ha. These estimated densities were much less than current road density of Dalak kheyl forest, which was 16.1 m ha. Therefore, the existing road had efficient density for Dalak kheyl forest. Of course, this density was only calculated from skidding and roading costs and it may not be enough to determine overall optimal density that should be calculated by considering other road duties. Time study revealed that the movement speed of HSM 904 skidder was more than Timber jack 450C. It took 266 seconds for HSM 904 skidder to skid logs from 100 meter distance, whereas Timber jack 450C spent 490 seconds for skidding logs in the same distance.
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