Depression in primary care : Detection , treatment , and patients ’ own perspectives

1 POPULÄRVETENSKAPLIG SAMMANFATTNING 2 ORIGINAL ARTICLES 3 ABBREVIATIONS 4 INTRODUCTION 5 Depression 5 Definition 5 Etiology 7 Diagnostics 8 Epidemiology 8 Global burden and costs 10 Co-morbidity 11 Recognizing depression in Primary care 12 Self-rating scales 12 Treating depression in Primary care 13 Beliefs about cause and treatment of depression 16 AIMS 18 METHODS 19 Papers I, III and IV 19 The Contactus program 19 Procedure and participants 20 The self-rating scales HADS and GAF-self 22 Analysis and statistics 23 Paper II 24 Patients and procedure 24 Patient Health Questionnaire – PHQ-9 25 Statistics 26 CONSIDERATIONS 27 General considerations 27 Paper I 27 Papers III and IV 29 Paper II 30 Analysis and statistics 30 Ethical considerations 30 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 32 Paper I – The Contactus study 32 Paper II – Comparing self-rating scales HADS and PHQ-9 35 Paper III – Patients’ beliefs about causes of depression 37 Paper IVPatients’ beliefs about improving factors 40 CONCLUSIONS 44 CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS 45 FUTURE RESEARCH 47 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 48 REFERENCES 50