[Intrapetrous cholesteatoma. A retrospective study of seven operated cases].

INTRODUCTION Intrapetrous cholesteatoma can be recalled with regard of facial paralysis, mixed deafness, cholesteatoma visible under an otoscopy and some characteristic signs in imaging. Its treatment is a real dilemma between its complete exeresis and the preservation of the facial nerve. METHODOLOGY We studied the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of the 7 operated cases from 1994 to 2004. RESULTS We noted 5 men and 2 women with an average age of 37.29 years. One case was primitive. We observed 6 translabyrinthic lesions, 5 supralabyrinthic lesions and 2 infralabyrinthic lesions. The surgical approach was: translabyrinthic (1 case), translabyrinthic and suprapetrous (2 cases), suprapetrous (1 case), suprapetrous and petrectomy (1 case), petrectomy (2 cases). The diversion of the facial nerve was often associated. After the surgical operation the activity of the facial nerve was conserved in 4 patients and improved in 2 patients. The facial nerve paralysis that appeared on a patient after being operated on, totally recovered after 7 months. In spite of the appropriate surgical approach, the residual lesions were not rare (2 cases). This situation imposes a clinical and radiological follow-up for life. CONCLUSION Intrapetrous cholesteatoma is rare. The X-ray confirmed the diagnosis. The new MRI techniques allow to detect recurrences and residues. A second surgical operation can be necessary.