Offloading on the Edge: Analysis and Optimization of Local Data Storage and Offloading in HetNets

The rapid increase in data traffic demand has overloaded existing cellular networks. Planned upgrades in the communication architecture (e.g. LTE), while helpful, are not expected to suffice to keep up with demand. As a result, extensive densification through small cells, caching content closer to or even at the device, and device-to-device (D2D) communications are seen as necessary components for future heterogeneous cellular networks to withstand the data crunch. Nevertheless, these options imply new CAPEX and OPEX costs, extensive backhaul support, contract plan incentives for D2D, and a number of interesting tradeoffs arise for the operator. In this paper, we propose an analytical model to explore how much local storage and communication through “edge” nodes could help offload traffic in various heterogeneous network (HetNet) setups and levels of user tolerance to delays. We then use this model to optimize the storage allocation and access mode of different contents as a tradeoff between user satisfaction and cost to the operator. Finally, we validate our findings through realistic simulations and show that considerable amounts of traffic can be offloaded even under moderate densification levels.