Rendering high dynamic range images
نویسندگان
چکیده
Within the image reproduction pipeline, display devices limit the maximum dynamic range. The dynamic range of natural scenes can exceed three orders of magnitude. Many films and newer camera sensors can capture this range, and people can discriminate intensities spanning this range. Display devices, however, such as CRTs, LCDs, and print media, are limited to a dynamic range of roughly one to two orders of magnitude. In this paper, we review several algorithms that have been proposed to transform a high dynamic range image into a reduced dynamic range image that matches the general appearance of the original. We organize these algorithms into two categories: tone reproduction curves (TRCs) and tone reproduction operators (TROs). TRCs operate pointwise on the image data, making the algorithms simple and efficient. TROs use the spatial structure of the image data and attempt to preserve local image contrast. The basic properties of algorithms from each class are described using both real and synthetic monochrome images. We find that TRCs have difficulty preserving local image contrast when the intensity distributions of the bright and dark regions of the image overlap. TROs, which are traditionally based on multiresolution decomposition algorithms such as Gaussian decomposition, better measure and preserve local image contrast. However, the decomposition process can lead to unwanted spatial artifacts. We describe an approach for reducing these artifacts using robust operators. Coupled with further analyses of the illumination distribution in natural scenes, we believe robust operators show promise for reducing unwanted artifacts in dynamic range compression algorithms.
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