Two-dimensional linear algebra

We introduce two-dimensional linear algebra, by which we do not mean two-dimensional vector spaces but rather the systematic replacement in linear algebra of sets by categories. This entails the study of categories that are simultaneously categories of algebras for a monad and categories of coalgebras for comonad on a category such as SymMons, the category of small symmetric monoidal categories. We outline relevant notions such as that of pseudo-closed 2-category, symmetric monoidal Lawvere theory, and commutativity of a symmetric monoidal Lawvere theory, and we explain the role of coalgebra, explaining its precedence over algebra in this setting. We outline salient results and perspectives given by the dual approach of algebra and coalgebra, extending to two dimensions the study of linear algebra.