Chronic Wasting Disease
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چکیده
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a neurodegenerative disease, caused by a prion that affects cervids including deer, elk and moose. Until recently, CWD was an obscure illness that seemed to be found only in a small geographic area in northeastern Colorado and southeastern Wyoming. However, this disease has now been detected in wild and farmed cervids in many other U.S. states and Canada. Korea reported outbreaks in captive cervids imported from Canada, as well as in their offspring. Chronic wasting disease can be devastating in farmed herds. This disease is always fatal once the symptoms appear, and most or all of the herd can eventually become infected. It is one of the most difficult prion diseases to control: CWD prions are transmitted from animal to animal, as well as from contaminated environments for two years or more. This disease is also endemic in wild populations. More than 12,000 captive elk and thousands of wild deer and elk have been killed in the U.S. and Canada in control efforts. In addition, there are concerns about the possible impact of CWD on humans. Cooking does not destroy prions, and ingestion of another prion, the agent that causes bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), has been linked to a fatal human neurologic disease. CWD prions have been found in muscle (meat), as well as other tissues of cervids, and could enter the food supply. Although the evidence so far suggests that CWD probably does not affect humans, the possibility that it could be zoonotic has not been ruled out.
منابع مشابه
Chronic Wasting Disease in Free-Ranging Wisconsin White-Tailed Deer
Three White-tailed Deer shot within 5 km during the 2001 hunting season in Wisconsin tested positive for chronic wasting disease, a prion disease of cervids. Subsequent sampling within 18 km showed a 3% prevalence (n=476). This discovery represents an important range extension for chronic wasting disease into the eastern United States.
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Muscle wasting and cachexia are the ultimate consequence of aging and a variety of acute and chronic illnesses. Significant efforts are made by many stakeholders to develop effective therapies. An important aspect of successful therapeutic development research is a common nomenclature for effective communication between researchers and clinicians, to the public, and also with regulatory bodies....
متن کاملChronic wasting disease.
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is the only known prion disease affecting free-ranging animals and has become a serious epidemic in North America. Although any case was reported from Europe, the spread of the disease to other continents and regions cannot be excluded, because the transmission of CWD is the most efficient among prion diseases. This article reviews the host range of CWD including e...
متن کاملHorizontal Transmission of Chronic Wasting Disease in Reindeer
We challenged reindeer by the intracranial route with the agent of chronic wasting disease sourced from white-tailed deer, mule deer, or elk and tested for horizontal transmission to naive reindeer. Reindeer were susceptible to chronic wasting disease regardless of source species. Horizontal transmission occurred through direct contact or indirectly through the environment.
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Chronic wasting disease is a prion disease of cervids. Assessment of its zoonotic potential is critical. To evaluate primate susceptibility, we tested monkeys from 2 genera. We found that 100% of intracerebrally inoculated and 92% of orally inoculated squirrel monkeys were susceptible, but cynomolgus macaques were not, suggesting possible low risk for humans.
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