Comparison of implementation success across three national initiatives to improve veterans' access to specialty care

Methods The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) was used as the basis for defining potential factors affecting implementation success and guided data collection and analysis. For each of the initiatives, a sample of facilities was selected to maximize variability in implementation success, defined uniquely for each initiative. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with key stakeholders from each of the facilities. Interview responses were coded deductively based on the CFIR and were used to obtain an overall rating for each site, by construct. Site ratings were dichotomized and analyzed using crisp set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (cs-QCA).