Transforming growth factor-beta stimulates parathyroid hormone-related protein and osteolytic metastases via Smad and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways.

TGF Stimulates Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein and Osteolytic Metastases via Smad and Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathways

The Implication of Androgens in the Presence of Protein Kinase C to Repair Alzheimer’s Disease-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction

Aging, as a major risk factor of memory deficiency, affects neural signaling pathways in hippocampus. In particular, age-dependent androgens deficiency causes cognitive impairments. Several enzymes like protein kinase C (PKC) are involved in memory deficiency. Indeed, PKC regulatory process mediates α-secretase activation to cleave APP in β-amyloid cascade and tau proteins phosphorylation mecha...

Smad4 mediates activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases by TGF-beta in pancreatic acinar cells.

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) inhibits pancreatic acinar cell growth. In many cell types, TGF-beta mediates its growth inhibitory effects by activation of Smad proteins. Recently, it has been reported that Smad proteins may interact with the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling pathways. In this study, we report on the interactions between the TGF-beta and MAP kinase si...

Stable overexpression of Smad7 in human melanoma cells impairs bone metastasis.

Melanoma has a propensity to metastasize to bone, where it is exposed to high concentrations of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta). Because TGF-beta promotes bone metastases from other solid tumors, such as breast cancer, we tested the role of TGF-beta in melanoma metastases to bone. 1205Lu melanoma cells, stably transfected to overexpress the natural TGF-beta/Smad signaling inhibitor S...

Transforming growth factor-beta stimulates inorganic phosphate transport and expression of the type III phosphate transporter Glvr-1 in chondrogenic ATDC5 cells.

Members of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta family are important regulators of skeletal development. In this study, we investigated the effect of TGF-beta1 on inorganic phosphate (Pi) transport and on expression of the type III Pi carriers Glvr-1 and Ram-1 in murine ATDC5 chondrocytes. TGF-beta1 induced a selective, dose- and time-dependent increase in sodium-dependent Pi transport in ...