Diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes: The debate goes on.

نویسندگان

  • Alejandra Durán Rodriguez-Hervada
  • Alfonso L Calle Pascual
چکیده

La diabetes gestacional (DG) se definió originariamente hace más de 50 años por J.B. O’Sullivan como cualquier grado de hiperglucemia detectada por primera vez durante la gestación. Los valores diagnósticos de glucosa se obtenían en sangre total y con el antiguo método de Somogyi-Nelson. Hoy sabemos que la DG es un importante factor de riesgo cardiovascular, y que entre un 15-50% de las mujeres con DG desarrollan posteriormente una diabetes mellitus (DM) tipo 2. Esta definición facilitó una estrategia uniforme para la detección y la clasificación de la DG, pero en la actualidad está limitada por cierta imprecisión. En 1979, el National Diabetes Data Group (NDDG) estableció unos puntos de corte de riesgo, basándose en la conversión a plasma de los valores de glucosa obtenidos en sangre total, y en 1982, Carpenter y Coustan (CC) revisaron los puntos de corte tras eliminar las sustancias reductoras que interferían en su valoración. De forma simultánea, la DG se asoció con un incremento en el riesgo perinatal, y se constató que la identificación y tratamiento de las mujeres diagnosticadas mejoraban estos riesgos. En ambos casos (NDDG y CC), el diagnóstico se realiza en 2 pasos, cribado inicial con 50 g de glucosa y confirmación con 100 g, siendo necesarios 2 puntos alterados para el diagnóstico de la DG.

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عنوان ژورنال:
  • Endocrinologia y nutricion : organo de la Sociedad Espanola de Endocrinologia y Nutricion

دوره 62 5  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2015