Aboveground biomass and nitrogen allocation of ten deciduous southern Appalachian tree species
نویسندگان
چکیده
z Allometric equations were developed for mature trees of 10 deciduous species @cer rubncm L., Bet& lenta L., Carya spp., Comus florida L., Lir iodendron tu l ip i fera L., Oxydendrum arboreum (L.) DC., Quemus a lba L., Quercus coccinea Muenchh., Quercm prints L., and Quercus rubra L.) at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory in western North Carolina, U.S.A. These equations included the following dependent variables: stem wood mass, stem bark mass, branch mass, total wood mass, foliage mass, total biomass, foliage area, stem surface area, sapwood volume, and total tree volume. High correlation coefficients (Rz> were observed for all variables versus stem diameter, .with the highest being for total t ree biomass, which ranged from 0.981 for Oxydendrum arboreum to 0.999 for Quenxs coccinea. Foliage area had the lowest R2 values, ranging from 0.555 for Quemus a lba to 0.962 for Beth lenta. when all species were combined, correlation coefficients ranged from 0.822 for foliage area to 0.986 for total wood mass, total t ree biomass, and total t ree volume. Species with r ing versus diffuse/semiring porous wood anatomy exhibi ted higher leaf area with a given cross-sectional sapwood area as wel l as lower t o t a l sapwood volume. Liriodendnm tuhpijkra contained one of the highest foliar nitrogen concentrations and had consistently low branch, bark, sapwood, and heartwood nitrogen contents. For a tree diameter of 50 cm, Carya spp. exhibi ted the highest total ni t rogen content whereas Liriodendxm tu l ip i fera exhibi ted the lowest . R&am6 : Des equations allom&riques ont ett? developpees pour les arbres matures de 10 esp&es a feuilles caduques (Acer rubrum L., Bet&a lenta L., Carya spp., Comus jlorida L., Lir iodendron tu l ip i fera L., Oxydendrum arboreum (L.) DC., Quercus alba L., Quercus coccinea Muencbh., Quercus prinus L. et Quercus rubra L.) au laboratoire hydrologique de Coweeta, dans l’ouest de la Caroline du Nord, aux l&s-Unis. Ces equations incluaient les variables dependantes suivantes : la masse du bois dans le tronc, la masse de l’ecorce sur le tronc, la masse des branches, la masse totale du bois, la masse du feuil lage, la biomasse totale, la surface foliaire, la superficie de la surface du tronc, le volume de bois d’aubier et le volume total de l’arbre. Toutes les variables etaient etroitement cot&lees (R2) avec le diam&re du tronc. La biomasse totale de l’arbre avait le coefftcient le plus elev6 qui variait de 0,981 pour l’oxydendrum arboreum 2 0 ,999 pour le Quercus coccinea. La surface foliaire avait la plus faible valeur de R2 qui variait de 0,555 pour le Quercus alba a 0 ,962 pour le Bet&a Zenta. Lorsque toutes les esp&ces etaient combinees, les coefftcients de cotrelation variaient de 0,822 pour la surface foliaire a 0,986 pour la masse totale de bois, la biomasse totale de l’arbre et le volume total de l’arbre. Contrairement aux especes avec du bois ZI pores diffus ou ii zone semi-poreuse, les espbces avec du bois it zone poreuse avaient une surface foliaire plus importante pour une surface transvers&~donnee d’aubier de meme qu’un volume total d’aubier plus faible. Le Lir iodendmn tzdipiferu avait l’une des plus-fortes concentrations d’azote foliahe et le contenu en azote de ses branches, de son ecorce, de son bois d’aubier et‘de son bois de cceur etait toujours faible. Pour un arbre d’un diametre de 50 cm, le Curya spp. avait le contenu en azote le plus elev6 tandis que le Liriodendron tulipijh avait le plus faible. P vraduit par la Redaction] Introduction 5 The allocation of biomass, nitrogen, and sapwood within a wood area and total sapwood volume greatly influence ,, tree all have profound impacts on the physiology, growth, foliage area, transpiration, and stem respiration. Following and distribution of tree species. Stem cross-sectional sapthe pipe model theory (Shinozaki et al. 1964), leaf area is Received January 9, 1998. Accepted August 22, 1998. J.G. Martin’ and B.D. JCloeppel. Institute of Ecology, University of Georgia, Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, 3160 Coweeta Lab Road, Otto, NC 28763, U.S.A. T.L. Schaefek and D.L. Kimbler. Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Universi ty of Wisconsin-Madison, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A. S.G. McNulty. Southern Global Change Program, USDA Forest Service, 1509 Varsity Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, U.S.A. ‘Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed. Current address: Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota. 115 Green Hall, 1530 North Cleveland Avenue. St. Paul, MN 55108. U.S.A. e-mail: [email protected] Can. J. For. Res. 28: 1648-1659 (1998) 8 1998 NRC Canada
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