Evolution of the Pectoral Girdle and Forelimb in Sauropodomorpha (dinosauria, Saurischia): Osteology, Myology and Function
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On the osteology and myology of the cephalic region and pectoral girdle of Heteropneustes fossilis (Siluriformes: Heteropneustidae), with comments on the phylogenetic relationships between Heteropneustes and the clariid catfishes
The osteological and myological structures of the cephalic region and pectoral girdle of the Asiatic cat sh Heteropneustes fossilis are described and compared with those of several other cat shes, as the foundation for an analysis on the phylogeneticrelationshipsof the genusHeteropneustes. Our observation and comparisons support a close relationship betweenHeteropneustesand the clariid cat s...
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The configuration of the pectoral girdle bones and muscles of numerous catfishes was studied in detail and compared with that of other siluriforms, as well as of other teleosts, described in the literature. The pectoral girdle of catfishes is composed of only three bones, which probably correspond to the posttemporo-supracleithrum (posttemporal + supracleithrum), scapulo-coracoid (scapula + cor...
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The tongue-bite apparatus and its associated musculoskeletal elements of the pectoral girdle and neurocranium form the structural basis of raking, a unique prey-processing behaviour in salmonid and osteoglossomorph fishes. Using a quantitative approach, the functional osteology and myology of this system were compared between representatives of each lineage, i.e. the salmonid Salvelinus fontina...
متن کاملA Basal Sauropodomorph (Dinosauria: Saurischia) from the Ischigualasto Formation (Triassic, Carnian) and the Early Evolution of Sauropodomorpha
BACKGROUND The earliest dinosaurs are from the early Late Triassic (Carnian) of South America. By the Carnian the main clades Saurischia and Ornithischia were already established, and the presence of the most primitive known sauropodomorph Saturnalia suggests also that Saurischia had already diverged into Theropoda and Sauropodomorpha. Knowledge of Carnian sauropodomorphs has been restricted to...
متن کاملOn the osteology and myology of the cephalic region and pectoral girdle of Chaca bankanensis Bleeker 1852, with comments on the autapomorphies and phylogenetic relationships of the Chacidae (Teleostei: Siluriformes)
The cephalic and pectoral girdle structures of Chaca bankanensis are described and compared to those of other catfishes, as the foundation for a discussion on the autapomorphies and phylogenetic relationships of the Chacidae. Our observations and comparisons pointed out six new chacid autapomorphies, namely: (1) absence of abductor superficialis; (2) ethmoid cartilage with long, thin, anterolat...
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