Semi-Artificial Models of Populations: Connecting Demography with Agent-Based Modelling

In this paper we present an agent-based model of the dynamics of mortality, fertility, and partnership formation in a closed population. One of our goals is to bridge the methodological and conceptual gaps that remain between demography and agent-based social simulation approaches. Model construction incorporates elements of both perspectives, with demography contributing empirical data on population dynamics, subsequently embedded in an agent-based model situated on a 2D grid space. While taking inspiration from previous work applying agent-based simulation methodologies to demography, we extend this basic concept to a complete model of population change, which includes spatial elements as well as additional agent properties. Given the connection to empirical work based on demographic data for the United Kingdom, this model allows us to analyse population dynamics on several levels, from the individual, to the household, and to the whole simulated population. We propose that such an approach bolsters the strength of demographic analysis, adding additional explanatory power.