Mobile Communications for E-Applications

The evolution and growth of digital communications technologies has spurred various instances where wireless communications are being tremendously utilized to a multitude of ends and more importantly provoking new paradigm shifts. Digital inclusion and connectivity availability on a global scale remains one critical concern and definitely fuels the motivation and initiative for innovative solutions and appropriate models to bring the digital divide to a close. Mobile Information and Communications Technologies (lCTs) are more than a suitable and powerful technology that will help provide connectivity and digital access in a much faster and cheaper way for underserved areas of the globe, and therefore are to be strategically investigated and assessed within their most vital, strategic and profitable functional or usage contexts . I.INTRODUCTION HARNESSING MOBILE ICTs FOR DEVELOPMENT It has become something of a cliche to say that recent dramatic revolutions in the field of Information and Communications Technologies (lCTs) have transformed our lives, although in the case of developing or emerging countries, this is true in a most dramatic way. ICTs in fact, constitute one important sector that has been successfully utilized to generate value and achieve key global aspirations such as the UN's Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). A. A case for Rural and Remote Areas Of more than 3.5 billion inhabitants in the world's low income countries, approximately 72% live in rural areas [1]. Rural and remote areas have evidently characterized as ones that considerably display very low ICT penetration and presence due several factors pertaining to the availability of resources and low potential of adoption. ICTs through their inherent, synergistic and dynamic property of evolving and can be tremendously leveraged to remedy the problem of connectivity in rural and remote areas. B. Moving towards the best alternatives A better, more available and cheaper option to enable Rural and remote connectivity reveals itself to be mobile Technology. Mobile technology through its various Developments has recently spurred increased interest and have become a considerable alternative as they provide Adoption as it offers much deployment flexibility and Lowcost feasibility. Thus, wireless access technologies Increased speed, link distances and resistance to difficult Propagation conditions. Furthermore, it becomes much more essential and crucial to extensively and comprehensively explore and research further, when targeted scopes or contexts are strategically selected and are under much consideration and of increased interest. II. THE MOBILITY PARADIGM The concept of mobility is one that perfectly lends itself to the context of providing feasible and cheap connectivity solutions to rural and remote areas. Mobile technology has emerged as a niche for the underserved as it offers connectivity, or access which is the first step toward opportunity. Connectivity is only one component of ICT, which is considered that span the four Cs: computer (rather, devices), connectivity, content and (human) capacity. As shown in Fig. 1 mobile ICTs can enable a more obvious human development through efficiency, empowerment and opportunities. The capacity of these technologies to reduce many traditional obstacles, especially those of time and distance has the potential to benefit millions of people in all comers of the world. III. TRIGGERING AND ACHIEVING DEVELOPMENT The deployment of effective ICT e-applications aimed at sustainable growth and development using mobile technology leads us to a preliminary investigation of the environment which ought to be permissive enough to achieve the best results. Considering different scenarios and case instances, an e-application or more precisely or contextually "m-application" in its use is supposed to allow its users to pervasively or ubiquitously access and share information. Various enabling factors therefore come in scope. A. Suitable Wireless Technologies/ Broadband Availability Wireless communication has been proven to be a key and suitable element in making ICTs available and optimally effective in rural and remote areas. Several wireless technologies are currently available and other innovative ones being developed, these being capable of offering broadband connections and supporting different eapplications suited for a rural or remote area. Among these, we can specifically distinguish the ones that potentially represent the most appropriate ones meeting the local requirements for successful and optimal deployment of eapplications. These are the following: Mobile Cellular Networks (GSM/GPRS/ CDMA/3G): They offer medium coverage, carrier-grade voice services and medium to high -speed data services. Initially and primarily conceived for voice services, these network services provide a relatively optimal Quality of Service K.V. Ashok et al, / (IJCSIT) International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technologies, Vol. 2 (5) , 2011, 2262 2266