1 Right reasoning : S . I . Hayakawa , Charles Sanders Peirce and the Scientific Method
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چکیده
IN “The Aims and Tasks of General Semantics: Implications of the Time-Binding Theory,” S. I. Hayakawa (1906–1992) distinguishes between three orientations—prescientific, antiscientific, and scientific—and what implication each orientation holds for the prospect of human agreement (1951 & 2001). Similar themes that Hayakawa’s article addresses can be found in an essay written more than six decades earlier by the nineteenth-century American logician and mathematician, Charles Sanders Peirce (1839–1914). Peirce (pronounced “purse”) is widely considered to be one of the most original thinkers in the history of philosophy and the greatest philosopher the United States has ever produced (Brent 1993, p.xiv; Popper 1972, p.212). Among his many and varied accomplishments, he is best known for writing the founding documents of American pragmatism, “a method,” Peirce tells us, “of ascertaining the meaning of hard words and abstract conceptions” (CP, vol.5, par.464).1
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