Spiders in Space: How Landscape-wide Movement of Generalist Predators Influences Local Density, Species Richness, and Biocontrol
نویسندگان
چکیده
Arthropods are mobile, and often move beyond the classical bounds of ecological field studies. We have done landscape analyses to explore the influence of the surrounding landscape on spiders in winter wheat fields and on their potential to control cereal aphids. The densities of many spider species were enhanced by high percentages of non-crop habitats at scales ranging from 95 m to 3 km radius, suggesting that complex landscapes with rich populations of natural enemies are favorable for aphid control.
منابع مشابه
Comparison of generalist predators in winter-flooded and conventionally managed rice paddies and identification of their limiting factors
Winter-flooding of rice paddies without the application of agricultural chemicals is attracting attention as a new agricultural method for enhancing the habitat conditions of wintering waterfowl in rice paddy ecosystems throughout Japan and east Asia. Conditions in these paddies are expected to result in restoration of not only the winter habitats of waterfowl but also those of other taxonomic ...
متن کاملChanges in species diversity of arboreal spiders in Mexican coffee agroecosystems: untangling the web of local and landscape influences driving diversity
Agricultural intensification is implicated as a major driver of global biodiversity loss. Local management and landscape scale factors both influence biodiversity in agricultural systems, but there are relatively few studies to date looking at how local and landscape scales influence biodiversity in tropical agroecosystems. Understanding what drives the diversity of groups of organisms such as ...
متن کاملEffects of environmentally friendly farming and multi-scale environmental factors on generalist predators in rice paddy ecosystems of Japan
Generalist predators such as spiders and ground beetles provide important ecosystem services by suppressing density of pest insects in agroecosystems, which offers a sustainable solution to trade-off between agricultural production and biodiversity conservation. There is increasing recognition that landscape factors beyond field-plot scale are important determinants for community structure of g...
متن کاملMolecular Tracking of Arthropod Predator-Prey Interactions
Local generalist predators can be exploited in conservation biological control of agricultural pests. To conserve and promote the most important predators, it is critical to have detailed knowledge about their prey range under natural conditions. I have studied predator-prey interactions between lycosid spiders from the genus Pardosa and a major aphid pest in spring-sown cereals; Rhopalosiphum ...
متن کاملSpider effects on prey: tests for superfluous killing in five web-builders
New impetus for considering the potential of spiders to control insect prey comes from foodweb models indicating that generalist predators can limit prey populations through the establishment of stable population equilibria between predators and associated prey (De Angelis et al., 1975; Tanner, 1975; Post & Travis, 1979). Spiders are generalist feeders (Riechert & Ĺuczak, 1982) that meet the cr...
متن کامل