Michael Land
نویسنده
چکیده
but go on eating all the grass they get and much of the corn until at last they die, without pain.” But Evans believed he had microscopic evidence of a bloodborne pathogen responsible for the disease. WIth no facilities for staining pathogens — an art still in its infancy — a temperature of 28oC in the shade and hordes of flies, work with the microscope must have been exasperating. However, Evans recalled, “I was very anxious to show the living active microbe to other medical men, particularly Dr Cunningham, the surgeongeneral in India, and Dr Timothy Lewis, the special assistant to the Sanitary Commissioner with the government of India, who had discovered blood parasites, officially reported and published in his illustrated monograph.” Timothy Lewis, who discovered a trypanosome in the rat in 1879, believed that neither the Trypanosoma lewisi, nor any other trypanosome, including the one described by Evans was pathogenic. Griffith Evans in his official report did everything to persuade him. He transferred blood containing parasites from horses with the disease, to horses without symptoms of the disease whose blood did not contain parasites. He transferred blood by ingestion and by subcutaneous injection. And then he demonstrated the appearance of the parasite in the blood of the previously healthy horses together with the fever and the other signs of the illness. He also transferred the parasite to a bitch and through her to her puppy. At this stage, he was posted to Kachar in Assam and he left the puppy with Lewis and Cunningham in the hope that they would continue his observations. Both were rigidly opposed to the germ theory. Evans returned to Britain and retired from the Army in 1895. He took a post at the University of Wales at Bangor, renewable annually, until his final retirement in 1910. The honours came late: a distinguished service pension in 1913, the Mary Kingsley medal in 1917 and the Steel Memorial Medal in 1918. But attention is growing to the fact that he was fully one of the pioneers of understanding infection.
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Current Biology
دوره 15 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2005