Immunotherapy and Immune Evasion in Prostate Cancer
نویسندگان
چکیده
Metastatic prostate cancer remains to this day a terminal disease. Prostatectomy and radiotherapy are effective for organ-confined diseases, but treatment for locally advanced and metastatic cancer remains challenging. Although advanced prostate cancers treated with androgen deprivation therapy achieves debulking of disease, responses are transient with subsequent development of castration-resistant and metastatic disease. Since prostate cancer is typically a slowly progressing disease, use of immune-based therapies offers an advantage to target advanced tumors and to induce antitumor immunity. This review will discuss the clinical merits of various vaccines and immunotherapies in castrate resistant prostate cancer and challenges to this evolving field of immune-based therapies.
منابع مشابه
اثر ایمونوتراپی سرطان پروستات بر بیان ژنesp انتروکوکوس فکالیس
Background: Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer deaths among men in the world. Immunotherapy is a new, non-invasive and effective method for the treatment of cancer, but its side effects on the normal flora of bacteria and opportunistic infections not known yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of immunotherapy on Ent...
متن کاملT cell coinhibition in prostate cancer: new immune evasion pathways and emerging therapeutics.
T cell-mediated adaptive immune response is controlled by both positive costimulation and negative coinhibition, generated mainly by the interaction between the B7 family and their receptor CD28 family. Coinhibition is exploited by prostate cancer as an immune evasion pathway. Overexpression of coinhibitory B7x and B7-H3 in prostate cancer correlates with poor disease outcome, whereas tumor-inf...
متن کاملInhibitors of histone deacetylase 1 reverse the immune evasion phenotype to enhance T-cell mediated lysis of prostate and breast carcinoma cells
The clinical promise of cancer immunotherapy relies on the premise that the immune system can recognize and eliminate tumor cells identified as non-self. However, tumors can evade host immune surveillance through multiple mechanisms, including epigenetic silencing of genes involved in antigen processing and immune recognition. Hence, there is an unmet clinical need to develop effective therapeu...
متن کاملStudy of NGEP expression in androgen sensitive prostate cancer cells: A potential target for immunotherapy
Background: Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths among men. New gene expressed in prostate (NGEP), is a prostate-specific gene expressed only in normal prostate and prostate cancer tissue. Because of its selective expression in prostate cancer cell surface, NGEP is a potential immunotherapeutic target. To target the NGEP in prostate cancer, it is essential to investig...
متن کاملایمونوتراپی تومور، تاریخچه و دست آورد ها
Cancer treatment is one of the main fields in basic and clinical research. Immunotherapy or using immune response is considered as one of the most important and effective complementary approaches in cancer therapy after surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In recent years many clinical trials have investigated this approach. The complications involved in immune response against a tumor calls...
متن کامل