Are there risk factors for acute renal failure in adult patients using deoxycholate amphotericin B?

BACKGROUND Deoxycholate amphotericin B (DAB) is a nephrotoxic drug and the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) is high. AIMS The aim of this study was to describe the incidence of AKI in patients under DAB therapy and determine risk factor to predict the AKI. METHODS The data of this retrospective study included previously hospitalized patients treated with intravenous DAB for at least five days. Clinical and laboratorial data were evaluated and AKI was classified in stages using Acute Kidney Injury Network criteria. Univariated test followed by a multivariable analysis was performed to determine risk factor and Kaplan-Meier survival estimates were calculated to evaluate the role of AKI in the outcome. RESULTS One hundred six patients were included in the final analysis. AKI occurred in 51.9% and dialysis was necessary in 4.7%. The occurrence of AKI was not associated with any risk factor. The mortality of the patients was neither associated with AKI nor with dialysis. Other nephrotoxic drugs were not risk factors for AKI. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of AKI in patients using DAB is high and we cannot predict the chance of AKI using clinical or laboratorial data.