A Rare Tumor - Primary Leiomyosarcoma of Pulmonary Artery. Case Presentation

Primary leiomyosarcoma of the pulmonary artery is an extremely rare tumor and its diagnosis is very diffi cult to establish. We present the case of a 63-year-old male patient, previously smoker, with previous pulmonary tuberculosis, diagnosed in 2014 with leiomyosarcoma of pulmonary artery. Surgery (right and left arteriotomy and bilateral extended end arterectomy) was performed in September 2014 and histological examination of the resected mass was consistent with leiomyosarcoma. Adjuvant chemotherapy, 4 courses, was also, administrated in October 2014; chemotherapy was interrupted because of tuberculosis reactivation. Seven months later, the patient developed distant brain metastases for which we performed external beam radiotherapy in 2015, in “whole brain” technique. The radiation dose was incomplete because of neurological performance status decreasing. Leiomyosarcoma of the pulmonary artery is a rare tumor of the lung and its diagnosis is very diffi cult because the non-specifi c symptoms which are often misinterpreted as being related to pulmonary thromboembolism. The literature is reviewed and we discuss the diagnosis, option treatment and prognosis.