Congenital Growth Hormone Deficiency – A Review with a Focus on Neuroimaging

نویسندگان

  • Sarah L Tsai
  • Eoghan Laffan
چکیده

Growth hormone deficiency is an important cause of short stature in childhood. it is characterised by low growth velocity in childhood and is diagnosed by stimulation testing. individuals with growth hormone deficiency may have other pituitary hormone deficits in addition to growth hormone deficiency. When multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies are present, abnormal pituitary anatomy, as visualised on magnetic resonance imaging (MRi), is a frequent finding. The classic triad (ectopic posterior pituitary, hypoplastic or aplastic anterior pituitary and absent/thin pituitary stalk) or variants of the classic triad are commonly seen in these patients. Volumetric sequencing allows all three planes of visualisation to be reconstructed in post-processing, allowing the radiologist to more fully evaluate pituitary anatomy. The normal dimensions of the pituitary gland vary by age and precise definitions of what constitutes a hypoplastic gland are not clearly defined in the medical literature. having an experienced neuroradiologist interpret the MRi in patients with pituitary dysfunction is very important.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Three Japanese patients with congenital pituitary hormone deficiency and ophthalmological anomalies

The clinical phenotype of congenital pituitary hormone deficiency is variable and can be associated with a number of structural abnormalities of the central nervous system. We report three Japanese patients with congenital pituitary hormone deficiency and ophthalmological anomalies. Two of the patients initially showed strabismus and unilateral optic nerve hypoplasia. Thereafter, growth failure...

متن کامل

A Review on the Effect of Arginine on Growth Performance, Meat Quality, Intestine Morphology, and Immune System of Broiler Chickens

For chickens, arginine considered an essential amino acid due to the lack of urea cycle in birds. Arginine deficiency causes growth retardation, higher prevalence of disease due to the malfunction of immune system, and lower gastrointestinal capacity. However, higher levels of arginine in the diet improved growth performance, muscle hypertrophy, and meat quality. Arginine reduces carcass fat ac...

متن کامل

A Case of Bilateral Testicular Tumors Subsequently Diagnosed as Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency

21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) caused congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of autosomal recessive genetic disorders resulting from mutations in genes involved with cortisol (CO) synthesis in the adrenal glands. Testicular adrenal rest tumors (TARTs) are rarely the presenting symptoms of CAH. Here, we describe a case of simple virilizing CAH with TARTs, in a 15-year-old boy. The p...

متن کامل

Zinc Deficiency in Pregnancy and Fetal - Neonatal Outcomes and Impact of the Supplements on Pregnancy Outcomes

Abstract   Zinc is one of the  essential elements of body which has an important role in natural growth, development, and many biological performances. Zinc deficiency is a major health problem and pregnant women are at high risk. 82% of pregnant women worldwide suffer from zinc deficiency. Zinc deficiency during pregnancy has dangerous and irreparable effects such as growth impairment, spontan...

متن کامل

EXPERIENCE WITH 115 PATIENTS WITH CONGENITAL A DREN AL HYPERPLASIA AND EVALUATION OF GROWTH PATTERNS IN 24 PATIENTS WITH THE SALT-LOSING TYPE

In this study the data on 115 cases of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) who were followed in the Pediatric Endocrine Clinic at Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz will be reported. Among these cases 51 were male and 64 female. The most common type of CAH in these patients was the salt-losing type of 21 -hydroxylase deficiency (85 .2%). ll-hydroxylase deficiency was present in 13.04% of patients. ...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2013