Distinguishing Association from Causation: a Backgrounder for Journalists

مفهوم علیت در پارادایم‌های پزشکی

In this article, we aim to discuss one of the essential concepts of medicine. As a rule, such studies attempt to clarify the philosophical principals of medicine, whereby the act of medic can be regulated based on his clear perceptions of the principles of his knowledge. In this article, we will evaluate the concept of causation in medicine from a philosophical point of view and through histor...

Functional Verification Technology and Methodology Backgrounder

ABSTRACT Title of Thesis: SCHOOL DROPOUT AND SUBSEQUENT OFFENDING: DISTINGUISHING SELECTION FROM CAUSATION

Title of Thesis: SCHOOL DROPOUT AND SUBSEQUENT OFFENDING: DISTINGUISHING SELECTION FROM CAUSATION Gary Allen Sweeten, Master of Arts, 2004 Thesis directed by: Professor Shawn D. Bushway Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice Past research on the relationship between school dropout and offending is inconclusive. In explaining their findings, researchers have focused on strain and control...

Mellor on Chance and Causation

Mellor's subject is singular causation between facts, expressed 'E because C . His central requirement for causation is that the chance that E if C be greater than the chance that E if ~C: chc (E)>ch~c (E). The book is as much about chance as it is about causation. I show that his way of distinguishing chc (E) from the traditional notion of conditional chance leaves him with a problem about the...

Thinking as Evidence for the Probability of the Existence of a God: An Argument from Unnaturalness for Necessity

The objective of this article is to show that it is justified to assert that the existence of God is plausible, considering the fact that thinking itself is an immediate outcome (effect) of a thinker (cause). This idea may seem evident, but it is in fact challenged by certain claims of cognitive philosophers who aver that our knowledge of necessity and causation is, i...