Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are manufactured as additive flame retardants in the production of polyurethane foams,
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چکیده
Introduction. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are manufactured as additive flame retardants in the production of polyurethane foams, textiles and plastics. PBDEs are persistent, lipophilic compounds that bioaccumulate through to the highest levels of the food chain (e.g., Lindberg et al., 2004). Recent reports have demonstrated that avian populations are subject to PBDE bioaccumulation but that temporal trends differ among species (Norstrom et al., 2002, Sellström et al., 2003). PBDE concentrations peaked in Guillemot (Uria algae) eggs in the Baltic Sea during the midto late-1980s (Sellström et al., 2003), whereas PBDE concentrations have increased exponentially in wild birds in the North American Great Lakes from 1981 to 2000 (Norstrom et al., 2002). Eggs of wild peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus) in Sweden (Lindberg et al., 2004) and Norway (Herzke et al., 2005) contain among the highest concentrations (39,000 ng/g lw in Sweden) of ΣPBDEs measured in wildlife; concentrations of BDE-99, -100, -153, 154, and -209 significantly increased in peregrine falcon eggs collected in Greenland between 1986 and 2003 (Vorkamp et al. 2005).
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