Non-factorizable joint probabilities and evolutionarily stable strategy in quantum prisoner’s dilemma game

We investigate evolutionary stability of the strategy of defection in the quantum Prisoner’s Dilemma (PD) game played in a quantization scheme that constructs two-player quantum games from a property of quantummechanical joint probabilities known as non-factorizability. In this scheme the classical PD game corresponds to factorizable joint probabilities and players’ strategies in the quantum game remain identical to the ones in the classical game. A recently reported result shows that there cannot exist a non-classical solution for a Nash equilibrium in the quantum PD game constructed according to this quantization scheme. In the present paper we show that surprisingly for the quantum PD game played in this quantization scheme, there exists a non-classical solution for an evolutionarily stable strategy, which is a well known refinement of the Nash equilibrium concept.