Combined estrogen-progestogen contraceptives and combined estrogen-progestogen menopausal therapy.
نویسندگان
چکیده
Working Group Members1 Garnet L. Anderson, Women’s Health Initiative, Clinical Coordinating Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue N, M3-A410, PO Box 19024, Seattle, WA 98109, USA Philippe Autier, Unit of Epidemiology, Prevention and Screening, Jules Bordet Institute, Boulevard de Waterloo 125, Brussels 1000, Belgium Valerie Beral, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LF, United Kingdom (Subgroup Chair, Cancer in Humans) Maarten C. Bosland, Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 57 Old Forge Road, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA (Subgroup Chair, Other Relevant Data) Esteve Fernández, Cancer Prevention & Control Unit, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Avenue Gran Via s/n Km. 2.7, 08907 L’Hospitalet (Barcelona), Spain Sandra Z. Haslam, Breast Cancer & the Environment Research Center, Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, 2201 Biomedical and Physical Sciences Building, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA David G. Kaufman2, Department Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 620 Brinkhous-Bullitt Building, CB 7525, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7525, USA IARC MONOGRAPHS ON THE EVALUATION OF CARCINOGENIC RISKS TO HUMANS: COMBINED ESTROGEN−PROGESTOGEN CONTRACEPTIVES AND COMBINED ESTROGEN− PROGESTOGEN MENOPAUSAL THERAPY
منابع مشابه
Combined Estrogen–progestogen Contraceptives
Combined hormonal contraceptives consist of an estrogen and a progestogen, and act primarily by preventing ovulation through the inhibition of the follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone. The progestogen component also renders the cervical mucus relatively impenetrable to sperm, and reduces the receptivity of the endometrium to implantation (IARC, 2007). A variety of innovations ha...
متن کاملCombined Estrogen–progestogen Contraceptives
Combined hormonal contraceptives consist of an estrogen and a progestogen, and act primarily by preventing ovulation through the inhibition of the follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone. The progestogen component also renders the cervical mucus relatively impenetrable to sperm, and reduces the receptivity of the endometrium to implantation (IARC, 2007). A variety of innovations ha...
متن کاملCombined Estrogen–progestogen Contraceptives
Combined hormonal contraceptives consist of an estrogen and a progestogen, and act primarily by preventing ovulation through the inhibition of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone. The progestogen component also renders the cervical mucus relatively impenetrable to sperm and reduces the receptivity of the endometrium to implantation. These mechanisms render combined hormonal con...
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Women with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus should be prescribed a contraceptive that has little to no impact on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and that has a very low risk profile for microvascular and macrovascular complications. However, it is unknown whether progestogen-only, combined estrogen and progestogen, or nonhormonal contraceptives vary in terms of effectiveness, adverse effect...
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans
دوره 91 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2007