Short-term decisions of small-scale fishers selecting alternative target species: a choice model

نویسندگان

  • Silvia Salas
  • Ussif Rashid Sumaila
  • Tony Pitcher
چکیده

The complexity of small-scale fisheries makes it difficult to predict the allocation of fishing effort among alternative target species in mixed fisheries, resulting in limitation for fisheries management. One reason for the difficulty is that fishing effort has been assumed as an aggregate of different components, without consideration of fishers’ decisions. In this paper, we use discrete choice models to identify factors involved in fishers’ decisions about selecting target species on a daily basis. We analyze catch data, by species and fisher, from three fishing communities of Yucatan, Mexico, to contrast the following models: (i) random selection, (ii) economic motivation, and (iii) changes in resource availability. Our results show that fishers do not operate at random but consider information on resource availability and revenues generated from previous trips before selecting or shifting a target. We compare the results among communities and also use the proposed models to predict changes in fishing effort levels given changes in species price and catch per unit effort. We stress the importance of understanding fishers’ behavior when it comes to developing appropriate management policies. Résumé : La complexité des pêcheries artisans rend difficile la détermination de la distribution de l’effort de pêche entre les espèces cibles alternatives dans les pêcheries multispecifiques et en conséquence, les propositions d’aménagement des pêcheries sont souvent limitées. Un des problèmes est que l’effort de pêche a été considéré comme un ensemble de différents composants mais sans prendre en compte la décision des pêcheurs. Dans le présent article nous utilizons modèles de choix discret afin d’ identifier les facteurs involucrés dan les décisions des pêcheurs pour la sélection journalière des espèces cibles. Nous analysons des données de captures journalières provenant de trois communautés de pêcheurs du Yucatan, Mexique, pour tester les modelès suivants : (i) comportement aléatoire, (ii) motivation économique et (iii) changement dans la disponibilité des ressources. Nos résultats montrent que les pêcheurs n’agissent pas de manière fortuite. Ils prennent en compte l’information sur la disponibilité des ressource et sur les revenus obtenus durant les campagnes de pêche antérieures réalisées avant la sélection ou le changement d’espèce cible. Nous notons aussi des différences de comportement entre les pêcheurs des trois communautés et nouns utilizons aussi les modelès pour prédire le niveau d’effort conjoint produisant des changements dans le prix des especès et dans les captures par unité d’effort. Nous mettons l’accent sur l’importance de bien analyser le comportement des pêcheurs afin de mieux comprendre la dynamique des flottilles qui doit servir de support pour le développement de mesures d’aménagement appropriées.

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تاریخ انتشار 2004