Annotated Bibliography of TDM in Europe

This report devotes broad attention to travel plans implemented by companies in the United Kingdom. Rye defines a travel plan as " a strategy…to reduce [a company's] transportation impacts and to influence the travel behavior of its employees, suppliers, visitors and customers " (2). In order to reach the initiatives delineated by its travel plan, a company may " incorporate a range of transport-related initiatives to address different transport aspects, including commuter journeys, business travel, and fleet management. It can incorporate [into its plan] a broad package of complementary measures, depending on the objectives and targets set " (2). These measures include an array of incentives and disincentives, such as provision for cycling, teleworking and car sharing, as well as limitation of parking and changing of work conditions. Rye provides in his report several examples of existing travel plans that typify methods of the practice in its various forms: has incorporated into its travel plan the practice of dividing its car parks into categories, distinguished from one another by location, convenience, price and restriction. " Permits for Category A and B car parks are awarded on a points/criteria basis. Applicants gain points if they need a car for work, have to drop children en route to the university, live far from the university, and/or have no direct bus or tram route to the university " (15). Rye grants that even though concrete statistics testifying to the plan's effectiveness are unavailable, evidence suggests a reduction in the number of staff and students driving alone to the school. • Nottingham City Hospital. The measures of Nottingham City Hospital's travel plan include: o Improved pedestrian and cycle access to the hospital o Installation of showers and lockers, as well as improved cycle parking o Arrangements with bus service providers to arrange city routes with respect to the location of the hospital o Parking charges, with a portion of the revenue invested in improving non-car based access to the hospital • Fife Council, Scotland. Measures utilized by Fife Council include: o Offering secure bicycle parking, lockers, showers and public transport information o Use of a car-sharing database o Reservation of car spaces for car sharers • Hewlett Packard, Edinburgh, Scotland. The primary components of Hewlett Packard's travel plan are: o Cycle parking and access to lockers and showers o Preferential parking for carsharers, based on number of passengers o Car sharing databases