Noma (cancrum oris).
نویسندگان
چکیده
Noma is an opportunistic infection promoted by extreme poverty. It evolves rapidly from a gingival inflammation to grotesque orofacial gangrene. It occurs worldwide, but is most common in sub-Saharan Africa. The peak incidence of acute noma is at ages 1-4 years, coinciding with the period of linear growth retardation in deprived children. Noma is a scourge in communities with poor environmental sanitation. It results from complex interactions between malnutrition, infections, and compromised immunity. Diseases that commonly precede noma include measles, malaria, severe diarrhoea, and necrotising ulcerative gingivitis. The acute stage responds readily to antibiotic treatment. The sequelae after healing include variable functional and aesthetic impairments, which require reconstructive surgery. Noma can be prevented through promotion of national awareness of the disease, poverty reduction, improved nutrition, promotion of exclusive breastfeeding in the first 3-6 months of life, optimum prenatal care, and timely immunisations against the common childhood diseases.
منابع مشابه
Penicillin in Cancrum Oris Complicating Kala-Azar *The work reported in this paper was undertaken under the Endowment Fund of the Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, aided by a grant from the Indian Research Fund Association.
Cancrum oris is the most classical and the most fatal complication of kala-azar. Previous to the introduction of the specific treatment with the antimonials, cancrum oris was the terminal event in a large proportion of cases. The incidence of this fatal complication decreased very considerably with the adoption of the specific treatment with the antimonials during the last twenty-five years or ...
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The object of this note is to {Macaca rence of cancrum oris m a 0ccairus). It is believed that tins occlirred sion on which this compnca Leishin an experimental animal mie mania donovani. ? ... ^nnVey is that The previous history of thw . fectkm jn the ^ had been given a malaria g Napier scries of experiments reported necesand Campbell (1932) and that ai obtained, sary data regarding malaria ^ ...
متن کاملProtocol for managing acute cancrum oris in children: an experience in five cases.
BACKGROUND Acute cancrum oris (NOMA) is a major health concern in most parts of northern Nigeria, affecting children aged 2-9 years. The management of the acute phase/condition poses a great clinical challenge. We present our protocol for the management of acute NOMA in a referral health facility in northern Nigeria. MATERIALS AND METHODS The management of five consecutive children with acute...
متن کاملCancrum Oris - a Descriptive Case Series on 13 Patients
Objectives: To evaluate the age, gender, site distribution and associated systemic debelitating conditions (if any) of the patients with Cancrum Oris. Methodology: A descriptive retrospective study was undertaken in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery unit of Khyber College of Dentistry from January 2005 to January 2010. Information regarding the variables of the study i.e., age, gender, site di...
متن کاملSpecial article: airway management in reconstructive surgery for noma (cancrum oris).
Noma (cancrum oris) is a disease of poverty and malnutrition, which predominantly affects children younger than 10 years in developing countries. Although the majority of sufferers die of sepsis at the time of the initial infection, or of subsequent starvation due to severe trismus and an inability to eat, a small minority of patients survive and require reconstructive surgery for severe facial...
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Lancet
دوره 368 9530 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2006