IMPACTS OF AGRICULTURE ON HUMAN HEALTH AND NUTRITION – Vol. II - Molecular Genetic Improvement of Protein Quality in Maize
نویسندگان
چکیده
Increasing the nutritional value of maize grain may contribute to improved human nutrition and health. Although maize is widely grown both for human consumption and for animal feed, maize is an inadequate source of essential amino acids in many diets. Maize protein is deficient in lysine and tryptophan, and in many poultry diets, maize protein is inadequate in the sulfur amino acids (methionine and cysteine). Many attempts have been made to change the amino acid composition of maize grain by changing the relative abundance of different seed proteins in the kernel. Considerable research has focused on the molecular genetic control of kernel protein accumulation. Genetic investigation of the opaque-2 mutant and the modifier genes which restore kernel vitreousness in Quality Protein Maize (QPM) has provided new marker-assisted and transgenic approaches to achieving improved protein quality in maize. Genetic studies of the high-methionine inbred line BSSS53 have identified genomic regions influencing whole-kernel methionine levels. The development of more efficient molecular marker systems will enhance traditional breeding programs aimed at improving the protein quality of elite maize varieties. Genetic engineering strategies to modify amino acid biosynthetic pathways and to over-express high-quality proteins will also yield varieties with improved protein quality.
منابع مشابه
IMPACTS OF AGRICULTURE ON HUMAN HEALTH AND NUTRITION –Vol II - Molecular Genetic Approaches to Improve the Nutritional Quality of Staple Food Crops
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IMPACTS OF AGRICULTURE ON HUMAN HEALTH AND NUTRITION – Vol. II - Genetic Improvement of Cereals with Low Phytic Acid Content - Raboy, V. ©Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS) GENETIC IMPROVEMENT OF CEREALS WITH LOW PHYTIC ACID CONTENT
Contents 1. Introduction 2. Phytic acid Genetics 2.1. Background 2.2. The Isolation of Cereal low phytic acid Mutants 3. Breeding and evaluation of " low phytic acid " crops 4. The use of near-isogenic crop lines in studies of dietary Phytate in human health 5. Conclusions and future directions Glossary Bibliography Biographical Sketch
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