Structural morphologies and sun transmittance control: integrated parametric design using genetic algorithms

In this paper we discuss the support provided by parametric modeling and genetic algorithms to performance oriented design processes; the topic is discussed and exemplified with specific reference to modular wide span roofs. First, the paper introduces the concept of performance oriented design and describes potentials and limits of parametric modeling in supporting the process. Among the potentials, parametric modeling enables the designer to automatically generate alternative design solutions; among the current limits, the difficulties to evaluate the generated alternatives are pointed out. A systematic performance oriented exploration of the solution space of the model is in fact mainly not possible due to the wide range of solutions. Based on their capability of guiding the generation of design solutions to fulfill a given set of performances, genetic algorithms are discussed to support the exploration. A system to integrate parametric modeling and genetic algorithms is then shown. The paper presents two examples developed by using this system. The first one deals with structural performances and concerns the structural morphology of a dome. The second one deals with solar energy transmission and concerns the solar heat gain and daylight transmittance of a roof.