The relation of apparent shape to apparent slant in the perception of objects.

نویسندگان

J BECK

J J GIBSON

چکیده

The problem of how we perceive the shape of an object in space is complicated by the optical fact that to a particular retinal form there does not correspond a unique physical form but a whole set of possible physical forms. A given sheaf of light rays whose cross section is a particular form may be reflected from any surface whose margins coincide with the margins of the sheaf of rays; the surface does not have to be perpendicular but may be inclined to the sheaf. This set of surfaces is, mathematically, the family of perspective transformations of the cross section. A square cross section, for example, may arise from a family of variously inclined trapezoids. A trapezoidal cross section may arise not only from an inclined square but also from a different family of inclined trapezoids, of which the square is only a special case. The optical fact seems to contradict the possibility of a correspondence between variations of the retinal image (the proximal stimulus) and variations of the object (the distal

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