Clay impaction causing acute dysphagia.

To cite: Gupta M, Sachdev A, Lehl SS, et al. BMJ Case Rep Published online: [please include Day Month Year] doi:10.1136/ bcr-2013-008929 DESCRIPTION A 50-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with history of lower retrosternal chest discomfort and acute dysphagia. Questioning revealed that she had consumed large pieces clay (∼200 g) half an hour prior to the chest pain. She had made desperate attempts to relieve the dyspagia by drinking water which made her condition worse. She worked in a boutique and used these dry clay pieces as a cheap alternative to ‘tailor’s chalk’. On examination she was anxious, restless and saliva was drooling from her mouth. The hemodynamic parameters and bedside ECG were within normal limits. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGIE) demonstrated a big impacted lump of the clay causing complete obstruction of the lower esophagus (figure 1). In addition, there were small bits and large pieces of unchewed clay and other detritus lying along the esophageal wall. The clay was removed piecemeal with the help of dormia basket (figure 2). A small hiatus hernia and a mild lower esophageal stricture were the additional findings on UGIE. Although there was no apparent psychiatric illness, patient used to eat clay (pica) habitually for last 3 years to allay hunger while travelling to her workplace. Investigations did not reveal any evidence of iron or other nutritional deficiencies. Pica is an eating disorder typically defined as the compulsive and persistent ingestion of non-nutritive substances for a period of at least 1 month at an age at which this behaviour is developmentally inappropriate. This practice has been described since antiquity and the scientific basis of such irrational human behaviour has no concrete explanation as yet. Geophagia (eating dirt) is the most common form of pica recognised and is widespread, often deemed to be culturally appropriate in certain communities. Pica is a widely prevalent disorder but is often under-reported and unrecognised. Pica may be benign, or it may have life-threatening consequences, as in our case. 2 Pica, specifically clay ingestion causing acute dysphagia is unreported in English medical literature.