Georeferencing of Ccd Linear Array Sensors Imagery

This paper describes a general sensor model for the georeferencing of imagery from CCD linear array sensors with along-track stereo viewing, carried on airplane or satellite. The model combines the standard photogrammetric triangulation with a sensor external orientation modeling. The sensor attitude and position, which are different for each image-line, are modeled with time-dependent piecewise polynomial functions and integrated in the collinearity equations, resulting in an indirect georeferencing model. The continuity of the functions and their first and second derivatives between adjacent segments is imposed. If GPS and INS systems are carried on board and provide the sensor external orientation of each line, the observed sensor position and attitude are included in the piecewise polynomial functions. Using Ground Control Points (GCPs) and, additionally, Tie Points (TPs), the functions parameters and the ground coordinates of the TPs are estimated in a least-squares adjustment. In case of sensors whose optical system consists of more lenses, the collinearity equations are extended in order to include additional parameters describing the relative orientations of each lens. The described procedures have been applied to imagery from two multi-lens sensors carried on airplane (TLS) and satellite (MOMS-02). The results are presented and discussed, together with the future model extensions and applications.