How to obtain true amplitude common-angle gathers from one-way wave equation migration?
نویسندگان
چکیده
True amplitude wave equation migration (WEM) provides the quality image of wave equation migration along with proper weighting of the output for estimation of an angularly dependent reflection coefficient, similar to the output of Kirchhoff inversion. In an earlier paper, Zhang et al. (2003) presented a true amplitude WEM for common-shot data in heterogeneous media. Here we present two additional true amplitude heterogeneous media WEM techniques to produce common-angle gathers. The first is based on the same common-shot image gathers, while the second is based on a modified double-square-root one-way wave equation. True amplitude common-shot migration was based on an imaging condition using the ratio, pU /pD . In contrast, common-angle gathers require the product pU p ∗ D in the imaging condition. We demonstrate this new method with a simple synthetic example.
منابع مشابه
3D angle gathers from reverse time migration
Common-image gathers are an important output of prestack depth migration. They provide information needed for velocity model building and amplitude and phase information for subsurface attribute interpretation. Conventionally, common-image gathers are computed using Kirchhoff migration on commonoffset/azimuth data volumes. When geologic structures are complex and strong contrasts exist in the v...
متن کاملPractical issues in reverse time migration: true amplitude gathers, noise removal and harmonic source encoding
Reverse time migration (RTM) is the method of choice for imaging complex subsurface structures. In this paper, we show that slightly modifying the conventional formulation, plus implementing an appropriate imaging condition, yields a true amplitude version of RTM that provides the correct amplitude-versus-angle relation. We also discuss different ways to suppress the migration artifacts and sho...
متن کاملAngle-domain common image gathers by wave-equation migration
Shotand offset-domain common image gathers encounter problems in complex media. They can place events that come from different points in the subsurface at one subsurface location based on identical arrival times and horizontal slownesses. Angle-domain common image gathers uniquely define ray couples for each point in the subsurface, therefore each event in the data will be associated with only ...
متن کاملOffset and angle domain common-image gathers for shot-profile migration
In order to estimate elastic parameters of the subsurface, geophysicists need reliable information about angle-dependent reflectivity. In this paper, we describe how to image nonzero offsets during shot-profile migration so that they can be mapped to the angle domain with Sava and Fomel’s (2000) transformation. CIGs also contain information about how well focused events are at depth, and so pro...
متن کاملAmplitude-preserved wave-equation migration
We analyze the amplitude variation as a function of reflection angle (AVA) for angle-domain common image gathers (ADCIG) produced via wave-equation migration. Straightforward implementations of the two main ADCIG methods lead to contradictory, thus inaccurate, amplitude responses. The amplitude inaccuracy is related to the fact that downward-continuation migration is the adjoint of upward-conti...
متن کامل