Spite: Evolution Finally Gets Nasty
نویسندگان
چکیده
Partaking in this grisly feast are the larvae of a parasitoid wasp, Copidosoma floridanum. Like other wasps, Copidosoma are haplodiploid: Fertilized eggs produce females; unfertilized eggs become males. These wasps are also polyembryonic: Eggs split to produce many clonal embryos. A single host may contain multiple eggs from multiple females, resulting in a hodgepodge of genetic relationships. The violence erupts when a proportion of the larvae (mostly females) develop into sterile soldiers armed with large mandibles, whose sole purpose is to seek out and kill less-related larvae.
منابع مشابه
PAC Learning with Nasty Noise
We introduce a new model for learning in the presence of noise, which we call the Nasty Noise model. This model generalizes previously considered models of learning with noise. The learning process in this model, which is a variant of the PAC model, proceeds as follows: Suppose that the learning algorithm during its execution asks for m examples. The examples that the algorithm gets are generat...
متن کاملImproving Credibility of Machine Learner Models in Software Engineering
Given a choice, software project managers frequently prefer traditional methods of making decisions rather than relying on empirical software engineering (empirical/machine learning-based models). One reason for this choice is the perceived lack of credibility associated with these models. To promote better empirical software engineering, a series of experiments are conducted on various NASA da...
متن کاملDetecting Nasty Comments from BBS Posts
We propose a method to detect Japanese nasty comments from posts on bulletin board systems (BBS). Nasty comments can cause many social problem, because they express potentially harmful words and phrases. There are methods to recognize harmful words, but they are insufficient. Therefore, we present a method for detecting such comments on a BBS with many posts using an n-gram model. In addition, ...
متن کاملWeaver ants Oecophylla smaragdina encounter nasty neighbors rather than dear enemies.
The evolution of territorial behavior requires that the benefits of territoriality outweigh the costs. The costs are primarily those of territorial defense against encroaching neighbors or against floaters seeking to establish their own territory. One way to reduce the cost of defense might be to restrict serious conflict to encounters with those posing the greatest threat. Studies of many anim...
متن کاملImage scoring in great apes.
'Image scoring' occurs when person A monitors the giving behaviour of person B towards person C. We tested for 'image scoring' in chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, and orangutans. Subjects passively observed two types of incident: (i) a 'nice' person gave grapes to a human beggar, and (ii) a 'nasty' person refused to give. The subject witnessed both incidents in succession (but was unable to obta...
متن کامل