Solute/solvent interactions and their empirical determination by means of solvatochromic dyes

A b s t r a c t : The s o l v a t o c h r o m i s m , t h e r m o c h r o m i s m , p i e z o c h r o m i s m , h a l o c h r o m i s m , and p o t e n t i a l c h i r o s o l v a t o c h r o m i s r n o f s o l u t i o n s o f v a r i o u s p y r i d i n i u m N p h e n o x i d e b e t a i n e d y e s h a v e b e e n u s e d b y u s a n d o t h e r s t o s t u d y U V / V i s s p e c t r o s c o p i c a l l y t h e d y e / s o l v e n t i n t e r a c t i o n s i n o r g a n i c s o l v e n t s o f d i f f e r e n t p o l a r i t y , d i f f e r e n t t e m p e r a t u r e , d i f f e r e n t e x t e r n a l p r e s s u r e , d i f f e r e n t e l e c t r o l y t e c o n c e n t r a t i o n , and d i f f e r e n t c h i r a l i t y .