Grading of Prostate Cancer: Past, Present, and Future.

نویسندگان

Andres Matoso

Jonathan I Epstein

چکیده

The grading of prostate cancer has undergone significant changes since the adoption of the Gleason grading system in the 1970s. Gleason patterns 1 and 2 are no longer in use and the current Gleason score 6 of 10 is the lowest grade possible. Several specific morphologies that were historically considered Gleason grade 3 are currently assigned a Gleason pattern 4. Consequently, current Gleason score 6 cancers have a better prognosis than historic ones. There is now ample literature that supports that Gleason score 7 includes patients with very different prognosis; those with Gleason score 3 + 4 have a much better prognosis than patients with Gleason score 4 + 3. Within patients with high-grade cancer, it is now also clear that patients with Gleason score 8 have a significantly better prognosis than men with Gleason scores 9-10. Additionally, more recent studies have demonstrated that there is no significant difference in the prognosis of patients with Gleason score 9 or 10, making the distinction between the two pointless. A new contemporary grading system has been proposed that addresses these changes/problems and provides a simpler system with only five grades that reflect more accurately the prognosis of each group. We review the different changes applied to the Gleason scoring system since its conception as well as the studies leading to a new contemporary grading system.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

بررسی اپیدمیولوژیک نئوپلاسم های پروستات در شهر بیرجند

Background and Aim: Prostate gland is one of the most important exocrine gland in the male genital system, whose neoplasms are very common in Iran and other countries. The incidence of the disease is not the same among different racial communities. Therefore, epidemiologic studies can be useful in our country. This study was aimed to determine the epidemiologic characteristics of prostate neopl...

متن کامل

Preparing Nanoarchaeosome Containing Triptorelin Acetate and Evaluation of Its Cellular Toxic Effect on PC3 Prostate Cancer Cell Line

Background and objectives: Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of mortality among men worldwide, and the eighth cancer-related cause of death in Iran. Male sex hormones (androgens) are the main cause of prostate cancer cells. Triptorelin is considered a synthetic decapeptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in the treatment of prostate cancer. This study aimed to evalua...

متن کامل

Future-proofing Gleason Grading: What to Call Gleason 6 Prostate Cancer?

At the 2014 International Society of Urological Pathology meeting, changes to prostate cancer grading were discussed including new prognostic Gleason grade groups 1-5 representing Gleason scores of 3+3, 3+4, 4+3, 8, and 9-10, respectively.

متن کامل

A Ten-Year Study of Prostate Cancer: A Southern Iranian Experience

Background: Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy among the male population in the United States and the 3rd most common non-skin cancer among men in Iran. Its prevalence has shown a rising trend in recent decades. The aim of this study was to report the epidemiological features of prostate cancer in patients referred for prostate biopsy in the south of Iran and to evaluate the accuracy...

متن کامل