Pharmacologic approaches for reducing venous access pain in children.

Optimizing the management of peripheral venous access pain in children: evidence, impact, and implementation.

V AND INTRAVENOUS (IV) cannulation procedures are a routine part of modern clinical practice. Unfortunately, these procedures also cause pain and distress, which can have a significant impact on children. Pediatric inpatients report IV line placement as the leading cause of procedure-related pain in the hospital, on par with postsurgical pain.1 A significant proportion of children undergoing ve...

Behavioral approaches to anxiety and pain management for pediatric venous access.

Pediatric venous access causes unnecessary anxiety and pain in children and, in turn, can have detrimental consequences. Behavioral approaches to pediatric venous access distress management can be organized temporally. Specifically, preparation before the procedure includes providing children with sensory and procedural information in an age-appropriate manner and providing training in coping s...

Clinical implications of unmanaged needle-insertion pain and distress in children.

Increasing evidence has demonstrated that pain from venipuncture and intravenous cannulation is an important source of pediatric pain and has a lasting impact. Ascending sensory neural pain pathways are functioning in preterm and term infants, yet descending inhibitory pathways seem to mature postnatally. Consequently, infants may experience pain from the same stimulus more intensely than older...

Applying Totally Implantable Venous Access Devices (TIVAD) in Children: the First Iranian Experience

Comparison Between Open and Ultrasonography Guided Venous Access Ports in Children with Malignancy

Background: Long-term central venous access is used in children for various reasons specially for delivering chemotherapy. Since vessels in children have smaller diameters, they are more prone to injury and complications such as thrombosis. Different methods are used for implantation of port-a-cath in children. We aimed to compare the complications of insertion of central venous access ports be...