Alternatives in animal testing.

A Review on Alternatives to Animal Testing Methods in Drug Development

The origins of the concept of alternatives to animal testing in the 1950s, and the range of replacement alternative methods and progress toward their incorporation into fundamental and applied research, education are discussed. The three R’s that is Replacement, Reduction, Refinement are defined. Importance and advantages of alternatives to animal testing methods are mentioned. Information is g...

Alternatives to animal testing: information resources via the Internet and World Wide Web.

Many countries, including the United States, Canada, European Union member states, and others, require that a comprehensive search for possible alternatives be completed before beginning some or all research involving animals. Completing comprehensive alternatives searches and keeping current with information associated with alternatives to animal testing is a challenge that will be made easier...

The contributions of the European cosmetics industry to the development of alternatives to animal testing: dialogue with ECVAM and future challenges.

COLIPA (the European Federation of the Cosmetics Industry) represents 24 international companies and 2000 small and medium-sized enterprises. Together with ECVAM, COLIPA has been involved in the development and validation of alternative methods since the beginning of the validation efforts. The work of the Steering Committee on Alternatives to Animal Testing (SCAAT) is based on collaboration be...

Standardisation versus Innovation in Psychological Testing

Alternatives to the Use of Live Vertebrates in Biomedical Research and Testing : Second Annual

Because of considerable interest from Congress, the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and the public about animal welfare and alternatives to animal testing, the National Library of Medicine (NLM) searches its online databases and prepares quarterly annotated bibliographies on alternative or in vitro methods for toxicity testing and biomedical research. The objective is to present current li...

Alternatives to animal testing: A review.

The number of animals used in research has increased with the advancement of research and development in medical technology. Every year, millions of experimental animals are used all over the world. The pain, distress and death experienced by the animals during scientific experiments have been a debating issue for a long time. Besides the major concern of ethics, there are few more disadvantage...