Cerebral metabolic effects of hyperventilation and deliberate hypotension.

A No. 1 Macintosh blade and a 3.5-mm red rubber endotracheal tube with stylet are used. Intubation of the cat is frequently more difficult than intubation of a child since the cat has large, sharp teeth, a large tongue, copious salivation, a small anterior larynx and dome-shaped arytenoid cartilages. Intubation of the cat is a dynamic demonstration which simulates future experiences and gives students a sense of accomplishment. Besides the obvious advantage of not exposing humans to a completely inexperienced endoscopist, the use of the cat model engenders a feeling of confidence in the student and markedly increases his technical skill. This technique has been published in detail elsewhere (Calderwood and Ravin, 1972). MARK B. RAVIN Gainesville, Florida