Resolution Improvement of Optical Imaging by Spatial Control of Light and Multi-Image Reconstruction

According to the industrial requirement for optical imaging, particularly in microscopic imaging, resolution improvement is one of the most important issues. In digital microscopic imaging, resolution of an optical system is limited by both optical parameters such as light wavelength and the objective lens numerical aperture and by spatial sampling such as pixel size of charge-coupled device camera. Focused on exceeding these limits and improving the resolution of optical imaging, spatial control of light is useful. In this study, spatial control of illumination with sub-wavelength accuracy improves resolution in diffraction limited imaging; besides spatial control of imaging path with sub-pixel accuracy improves resolution determined by the spatial sampling. High-resolution image can be reconstructed by using multiple images acquired with spatial control of light. This paper includes theoretical discussions, numerical simulations, and experimental verifications of some techniques proposed in our related works.