Multiple primary cancer in the female genital system

RATIONALE Multiple primary cancer (MPC) refers to tumors that occur in one or multiple organs within the same patient at the same time or at different periods. MPC often occurs in the head and neck, but is rarely reported in the female genital system. PATIENT CONCERNS In the present study, we report 2 rare cases that presented with tangible lower abdominal tumors. DIAGNOSES Laboratory tests, pelvic ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and fast histopathological examinations during surgery indicated a diagnosis of MPC. INTERVENTIONS The 2 patients all received radical resections of multiple tumors. OUTCOMES Postsurgical histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations further confirmed primary endometrial cancer and right ovarian cancer in Case 1, and primary cervical cancer and left ovarian cancer of Case 2. The 2 patients all recovered well without obvious complications. LESSONS Our study demonstrated that female genital MPC should be noted for patients with multiple genital tumors. In addition, accurately diagnosis and radical surgical treatment should be well performed.