AC-DC Transfer Standard Measurements and Generalized Compensation with the AC Josephson Voltage Standard

We present ac-dc transfer standard measurements using the NIST pulse-driven ac Josephson voltage standard source. We have investigated the frequency dependence for several output voltages up to 200 mV for frequencies from 2.5 kHz to 100 kHz. We found that as the frequency increases, the ac-dc differences for the two arrays on the same chip do not agree. We investigated different attempts of improvement and the deviation in ac-dc difference was reduced by more than 60 %. We also demonstrate ten-fold higher output voltages and improved operating margins for non-sinusoidal waveforms, by implementing a more general current bias to the arrays (having the same harmonic content as that of the synthesized arbitrary waveform). Index Terms – AC metrology, Josephson voltage standard, precision ac source, quantum standards.