Urbanization, Physical Activity, and Metabolic Health in Sub-Saharan Africa
نویسندگان
چکیده
OBJECTIVE We examined the independent associations between objectively measured free-living physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) and the metabolic syndrome in adults in rural and urban Cameroon. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS PAEE was measured in 552 rural and urban dwellers using combined heart rate and movement sensing over 7 continuous days. The metabolic syndrome was defined using the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. RESULTS Urban dwellers had a significantly lower PAEE than rural dwellers (44.2 ± 21.0 vs. 59.6 ± 23.7 kJ/kg/day, P < 0.001) and a higher prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (17.7 vs. 3.5%, P < 0.001). In multivariate regression models adjusted for possible confounders, each kJ/kg/day of PAEE was associated with a 2.1% lower risk of prevalent metabolic syndrome (odds ratio 0.98, P = 0.03). This implies a 6.5 kJ/kg/day difference in PAEE, equivalent to 30 min/day of brisk walking, corresponds to a 13.7% lower risk of prevalent metabolic syndrome. The population attributable fraction of prevalent metabolic syndrome due to being in the lowest quartile of PAEE was 26.3% (25.3% in women and 35.7% in men). CONCLUSIONS Urban compared with rural residence is associated with lower PAEE and higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome. PAEE is strongly independently associated with prevalent metabolic syndrome in adult Cameroonians. Modest population-wide changes in PAEE may have significant benefits in terms of reducing the emerging burden of metabolic diseases in sub-Saharan Africa.
منابع مشابه
Is the Role of Physicians Really Evolving Due to Non-physician Clinicians Predominance in Staff Makeup in Sub-Saharan African Health Systems?; Comment on “Non-physician Clinicians in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Evolving Role of Physicians”
Health workforce shortages in Sub-Saharan Africa are widely recognized, particularly of physicians, leading the training and deployment of Non-physician clinicians (NPCs). The paper by Eyal et al provides interesting and legitimate viewpoints on evolving role of physicians in context of decisive increase of NPCss in Sub-Saharan Africa. Certainly, in short or mid-term, NPCs will continue to be a...
متن کاملNon-physician Clinicians – A Gain for Physicians’ Working in Sub-Saharan Africa; Comment on “Non-physician Clinicians in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Evolving Role of Physicians”
The changing demands on the health sectors in low- and middle-income countries especially sub-Saharan African countries continue to challenge efforts to address critical shortages of the health workforce. Addressing these challenges have led to the evolution of “non-physician clinicians” (NPCs), that assume some physician roles and thus mitigate the continuing shortage of doctors in these count...
متن کاملA New Generation of Physicians in Sub-Saharan Africa?; Comment on “Non-physician Clinicians in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Evolving Role of Physicians”
This commentary follows up on an editorial by Eyal and colleagues in which these authors discuss the implications of the emergence of non-physician clinicians (NPCs) on the health labour market for the education of medical doctors. We generally agree with those authors and we want to stress the importance of clarifying the terminology to describe these practitioners and of defining more formall...
متن کاملUrbanization Drift and Obesity Epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review of the Situation in Nigeria
The growing trend of obesity worldwide and in sub-Saharan Africa can be linked to the urbanization drift experienced in recent years both in developed and developing countries like Nigeria, at four pivotal points namely: physical activity level, socio-economic status (SES), nutritional and psychosocial factors. Literature search was done using Medline/PubMed and Google Scholar for published stu...
متن کاملVaccinations of International Travellers From Greece to Sub-Saharan Africa
Introduction: The number of travellers from Greece who travel to sub-Saharan Africa has increased during the last decade. Our aim in this research was to study vaccination patterns for travellers travelling to sub-Saharan Africa.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2011 until December 2014 in all (57) public health departments in Gr...
متن کامل